This study aimed to evaluate the inpatient living expense support system of Seoul in various aspects such as income stability, early detection and treatment of diseases, and enhancement of labor productivity. A survey was conducted in 2023 with 1,086 users of the inpatient living expense support system (985 beneficiaries and 101 non-beneficiaries). The results highlighted the positive effects of the system, particularly in the prevention and treatment of diseases for vulnerable workers, leading to an expansion of health rights and improved work capabilities. Additionally, some positive effects were observed in terms of strengthening the income security prospects for vulnerable workers through the maintenance of their income levels. In conclusion, as a result of the study, the proposed improvements for the inpatient living expense support system of Seoul are: First, the inpatient living expense support system needs to establish its role in complementing the vulnerabilities of the future central government's sickness benefits system. Second, as there are instances where information about the inpatient living expense support system is not properly communicated to actual users, leading to many vulnerable workers not being able to utilize the system, the city of Seoul should enhance promotion, education, campaigns, among other efforts to widely inform workers about the inpatient living expense support system. Lastly, it is essential to establish a system for continuous monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the inpatient living expense support system. This system should also facilitate continuous improvement.