Abstract

In the 2000s, the paradigm of transportation policy shifted from car-oriented to pedestrian- and environment-friendly throughout the world. Seoul also promoted people-oriented policies through the declaration of 'Walking Friendly City' in 2013 and 'Walkable City, Seoul' in 2015.

Especially, Seoul is encouraging the arterial road space reorganization projects in the CBD for improving the walking environment and air quality and for reducing the noise by suppressing the passenger car traffic. However, these projects can cause complaints among car drivers and stakeholders such as nearby merchants. Therefore, it is very important to persuade them and to lead to a citizen consensus by identifying the effect of reduction of passenger car traffic through these projects.

In this research, we developed a model to estimate the behavior changes in passenger car users due to road space reorganization and to identify the main factors affecting these changes. Also, we estimated the effect of reduction of passenger car traffic due to reorganization of the arterial road space in the CBD, using this model.

The main factors influencing the behavior of passenger car users were gender, purpose of travel, travel time in the CBD, relative perception of passenger car convenience compared to public transportation, and perception of parking convenience. Especially, the perception of convenience of a passenger car was analyzed to have a much greater influence on the behavior of passenger car users than the perception of parking convenience.

The lower the convenience of a passenger car, the greater the probability of switching to public transportation than the probability of abandoning travel or changing the destination. On the other hand, the lower the parking convenience, the greater the probability of changing the destination or abandoning the trip itself than the probability of switching to public transportation.

Assuming that the travel time in the CBD is increased by 50% due to road space reorganization, the daily passenger car trips to the CBD were analyzed to reduce by maximum 23.8%. This decrease in passenger car trips is expected to lead to a 13.2% reduction in daily traffic volume in the CBD, which will contribute to improving the urban environment, including air quality improvement, noise reduction and accident reduction.

It is expected that road space reorganization such as road diet will increase the road travel time and reduce the passenger car traffic, as well as it will improve the walking environment and air quality, reduce the noise, and increase the floating population. However, it is desirable to promote improvement in public transportation while implementing the project because there is a possibility that the decrease in the total traffic volume in the CBD will cause downturn of the urban economy and opposition from stakeholders such as local residents and nearby merchants.

Contents


01 Transportation Paradigm Shift and Road Space Reorganization
1_Car-oriented Transportation System is not Sustainable
2_Paradigm Shift from Car-oriented to People and Eco-friendly Modes
3_Effect of Reduction of Passenger Car Traffic is Expected due to Road Space Reorganization
4_Quantitative Evaluation of Demand Management Effect is Required
 

02 Case study and Related Research on the Effect of Road Space Reorganization
1_Demand Management Effect of Road Space Reorganization Exists
2_Difficulty in Finding a Research that Directly Evaluates the Effects of Demand Management
3_Need to Analyze Demand Management Effect through a Proper Model
 

03 Review of Behavior Models and Survey Implementation
1_Review and Selection of Various Models
2_Sample Design through Analyzing the Characteristics of CBD-related Trips
3_Outline and Main Contents of the Survey
4_Survey Data Screening and the Results Analysis
 

04 Estimation and Evaluation of Models to Predict Passenger Car User Behavior
1_Set the Basics of Models
2_Model Estimation and Factor Analysis
3_Evaluation of the Model by Estimating the Probability of Alternative Selection
 

05 Demand Management Effect of Road Space Reorganization
1_Passenger Car Traffic is Expected to Decrease due to Road Capacity Reduction
2_The Effect of the Road Space Reorganization Plan for Seoul
 

06 Conclusion and Policy Suggestions