This study investigates the structural causes of underutilized public facilities and proposes a revitalization framework based on functional redesign and strategic private-sector entrustment. Rapid social changes—including flexible work patterns, digital transition, and increased selective use of public services—combined with public-sector organizational restructuring, have reduced the utilization of many existing facilities. While policies evolve quickly, physical facilities are difficult to relocate or repurpose, creating a mismatch between policy shifts and spatial structures. As a result, facilities designed under fixed functional assumptions often fail to meet changing citizen demand.
Focusing on user-oriented public facilities such as cultural, community, and welfare facilities, the study finds that underutilization stems not simply from declining visits but from structural misalignment between facility functions, local demographic contexts, and operational capacity. Survey results and case analyses in Seoul indicate growing demand for participatory, experience-oriented multifunctional spaces rather than single-purpose facilities.
In response, the study proposes the “Life Innovation Hub” model—a small-scale, multifunctional community platform that integrates learning, cultural, creative, and social activities. This model aims to preserve public value while leveraging private-sector expertise to enhance service quality and sustainability. However, it is presented as a strategic and conditional option, applicable where local demand and spatial conditions are suitable.
To implement revitalization systematically, the study introduces a three-step decision framework: diagnosing the cause of underuse, redefining facility function based on citizen demand, and selecting an appropriate management model, including improved private entrustment mechanisms. Institutional reforms—such as performance-based contracts, flexible operational structures, and integrated asset portfolio strategies—are also recommended to ensure that facility-level innovation aligns with broader urban public asset management.
Overall, the study offers a structured approach to revitalizing underutilized public facilities through functional realignment, strategic private participation, and institutional reform.